[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":245},["ShallowReactive",2],{"compound-aod-9604":3,"compound-related-aod-9604":224,"compound-reading-aod-9604":237},{"id":4,"title":5,"alsoKnownAs":6,"body":7,"casNumber":60,"category":196,"description":186,"extension":197,"faq":198,"meta":205,"molecularFormula":206,"molecularWeight":84,"name":5,"navigation":207,"path":208,"presentations":209,"purity":211,"rank":212,"relatedCompounds":213,"relatedResearch":216,"seo":219,"sequence":220,"stem":221,"summary":222,"__hash__":223},"compounds\u002Fcompounds\u002Faod-9604.md","AOD-9604","hGH fragment 176-191",{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":185},"minimark",[10,15,19,22,26,101,105,108,116,123,127,130,133,137,140,162,171,175,178,182],[11,12,14],"h2",{"id":13},"what-aod-9604-is","What AOD-9604 is",[16,17,18],"p",{},"AOD-9604 is a synthetic 16-amino-acid peptide corresponding to residues 176–191\nof human growth hormone, with an additional tyrosine at the N-terminus. The\nunderlying idea is a straightforward one in peptide pharmacology: if a large\nprotein has several separable activities, find the region responsible for the one\nof interest and study it in isolation.",[16,20,21],{},"Growth hormone has both growth-promoting and lipolytic activity. The fragment\napproach isolates the C-terminal region associated with the latter, producing a\nmolecule roughly one-tenth the size of the parent hormone.",[11,23,25],{"id":24},"molecular-profile","Molecular profile",[27,28,29,42],"table",{},[30,31,32],"thead",{},[33,34,35,39],"tr",{},[36,37,38],"th",{},"Property",[36,40,41],{},"Value",[43,44,45,53,61,69,77,85,93],"tbody",{},[33,46,47,51],{},[48,49,50],"td",{},"Also known as",[48,52,6],{},[33,54,55,58],{},[48,56,57],{},"CAS number",[48,59,60],{},"221231-10-3",[33,62,63,66],{},[48,64,65],{},"Sequence",[48,67,68],{},"YLRIVQCRSVEGSCGF",[33,70,71,74],{},[48,72,73],{},"Length",[48,75,76],{},"16 amino acids",[33,78,79,82],{},[48,80,81],{},"Molecular weight",[48,83,84],{},"~1,815 Da",[33,86,87,90],{},[48,88,89],{},"Structural feature",[48,91,92],{},"Intramolecular disulfide bridge (Cys7–Cys14)",[33,94,95,98],{},[48,96,97],{},"Appearance",[48,99,100],{},"White lyophilised powder",[11,102,104],{"id":103},"the-disulfide-bond","The disulfide bond",[16,106,107],{},"The two cysteine residues in the sequence form an intramolecular disulfide bond,\nclosing the peptide into a loop. This is not incidental — the bridge constrains\nthe molecule's conformation, and the conformation is part of what the fragment\napproach is trying to reproduce from the parent hormone.",[16,109,110,111,115],{},"Analytically it introduces a subtlety worth understanding. The oxidised\n(bridged) and reduced (free thiol) forms differ by ",[112,113,114],"strong",{},"2 daltons",". On a\nhigh-resolution instrument that is a clear distinction; on a low-resolution one\nit can disappear into the isotope envelope. Two batches can therefore return\nidentical HPLC purity figures and near-identical reported masses while differing\nin whether the disulfide is actually formed.",[16,117,118,119,122],{},"Beyond that, cysteines can form ",[112,120,121],{},"intermolecular"," disulfides between two\npeptide molecules, producing a dimer of roughly twice the mass. Dimers are\nusually well separated chromatographically, so they show up as a distinct peak —\nwhich is another reason the chromatogram is worth more than the number derived\nfrom it.",[11,124,126],{"id":125},"research-context","Research context",[16,128,129],{},"AOD-9604 is studied in metabolic research for lipolytic activity in adipocyte\nmodels, and comparatively against full-length growth hormone to examine whether\nthe fragment reproduces that activity without the growth-promoting and\ninsulin-antagonising effects of the parent hormone. It also appears in\nstructure-activity work examining which residues within the fragment carry the\nactivity.",[16,131,132],{},"Supplied for in-vitro laboratory research only. No therapeutic claim is made and\nno dosing or administration guidance is provided.",[11,134,136],{"id":135},"analytical-notes","Analytical notes",[16,138,139],{},"Three things a certificate for this compound should let you check:",[141,142,143,150,156],"ol",{},[144,145,146,149],"li",{},[112,147,148],{},"Sequence identity by mass"," — confirming the 16-mer against theoretical\nmass, distinguishing it from a truncation or a different hGH fragment.",[144,151,152,155],{},[112,153,154],{},"Disulfide state"," — a 2 Da difference that requires adequate mass\nresolution to observe. Worth asking about specifically.",[144,157,158,161],{},[112,159,160],{},"Dimer content"," — visible chromatographically as a later-eluting peak at\nroughly double the mass.",[16,163,164,165,170],{},"A purity percentage on its own addresses none of these directly. See\n",[166,167,169],"a",{"href":168},"\u002Fresearch\u002Fmass-spectrometry-peptide-identity","what mass spectrometry establishes that HPLC cannot",".",[11,172,174],{"id":173},"handling-and-storage","Handling and storage",[16,176,177],{},"Store sealed at −20 °C, protected from light and moisture, and bring to room\ntemperature before opening. Cysteine-containing peptides are sensitive to\noxidising conditions and to trace metal contamination in diluent, both of which\npromote disulfide scrambling and dimer formation — use clean diluent and avoid\nprolonged storage in solution. Store reconstituted material at 2–8 °C, protected\nfrom light, and prepare fresh where the work depends on disulfide integrity.",[11,179,181],{"id":180},"what-we-supply","What we supply",[16,183,184],{},"Released against a ≥99% purity specification, with HPLC purity and mass\nspectrometry identity confirmation on every batch and a batch-specific\nCertificate of Analysis. Select batches additionally receive independent\nthird-party purity verification.",{"title":186,"searchDepth":187,"depth":187,"links":188},"",2,[189,190,191,192,193,194,195],{"id":13,"depth":187,"text":14},{"id":24,"depth":187,"text":25},{"id":103,"depth":187,"text":104},{"id":125,"depth":187,"text":126},{"id":135,"depth":187,"text":136},{"id":173,"depth":187,"text":174},{"id":180,"depth":187,"text":181},"Growth Hormone","md",[199,202],{"question":200,"answer":201},"What is AOD-9604 a fragment of?","The C-terminal region of human growth hormone, residues 176 to 191, with a tyrosine added at the N-terminus. The premise of the fragment approach is that the lipolytic activity of growth hormone is localised to this region and can be studied separately from the growth-promoting and insulin-antagonising activity of the full 191-residue hormone.",{"question":203,"answer":204},"Why does the disulfide bond matter analytically?","The sequence contains two cysteines that form an intramolecular disulfide bridge, and the folded and reduced forms differ by 2 daltons. That is a small difference and easily missed on a low-resolution instrument, but the disulfide constrains the peptide's conformation — so a batch that is chemically the right sequence can still be structurally wrong.",{},null,true,"\u002Fcompounds\u002Faod-9604",[210],"5 mg vial","≥99%",32,[214,215],"ipamorelin","cjc-1295",[217,218],"mass-spectrometry-peptide-identity","how-to-read-a-peptide-coa",{"title":5,"description":186},"Tyr-Leu-Arg-Ile-Val-Gln-Cys-Arg-Ser-Val-Glu-Gly-Ser-Cys-Gly-Phe","compounds\u002Faod-9604","A synthetic fragment of the human growth hormone C-terminus, studied for lipolytic activity separated from the growth-promoting effects of the full hormone.","wiPNMcfPf3MZ7SdN9S1vZgI3FHpELZx2jYXXyvhhAc4",[225,231],{"path":226,"name":227,"alsoKnownAs":228,"summary":229,"category":196,"molecularWeight":230,"purity":211},"\u002Fcompounds\u002Fcjc-1295","CJC-1295","Modified GRF (1-29) · CJC-1295 without DAC","A modified growth hormone-releasing hormone analogue, engineered for resistance to enzymatic cleavage while retaining a short pulsatile signal.","~3,368 Da",{"path":232,"name":233,"alsoKnownAs":234,"summary":235,"category":196,"molecularWeight":236,"purity":211},"\u002Fcompounds\u002Fipamorelin","Ipamorelin","NNC 26-0161","A selective growth hormone secretagogue receptor agonist, notable for acting on the ghrelin receptor without the appetite and cortisol effects of earlier secretagogues.","~711.9 Da",[238,242],{"path":239,"title":240,"description":241},"\u002Fresearch\u002Fhow-to-read-a-peptide-coa","How to Read a Peptide Certificate of Analysis","A field-by-field walkthrough of a peptide COA — what each number establishes, which fields are load-bearing, and what a missing batch number tells you about the rest of the document.",{"path":168,"title":243,"description":244},"What Mass Spectrometry Establishes That HPLC Cannot","Purity and identity are different questions requiring different instruments. Why a chromatogram alone cannot tell you which peptide is in the vial, and what a mass spectrum on a COA should actually show.",1787473952836]